目的：探讨负性协同刺激分子B7H4在原发性非小细胞肺癌（nonsmall cell lung cancer，NSCLC）组织中的表达及其与NSCLC临床病理特征间的关系。方法：选取南通大学第三附属医院胸外科2008年1月至2009年4月手术切除并经病理证实的NSCLC标本52例。免疫组织化学法检测NSCLC组织中B7H4分子的表达及CD3+T细胞浸润程度，分析B7H4表达水平与NSCLC组织中CD3+T细胞浸润、临床病理特征间的关系。结果：52例NSCLC组织中B7H4表达阳性率为4808%（25/52），正常肺组织不表达或较少表达B7H4，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。B7H4表达水平与NSCLC临床分期和淋巴结转移呈正相关（P<0.05），与CD3+T淋巴细胞浸润程度呈负相关（P<0.05），与其他临床病理参数无关（P>005）。结论：负性协同刺激分子B7H4在NSCLC发病过程中可能起重要的作用，其阳性表达与NSCLC临床分期及淋巴结转移密切相关，B7H4为NSCLC的诊断及治疗提供参考依据。

Objective: To study the expression of negative costimulatroy molecule B7H4 in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and its relationship with the clinical features of NSCLC. :Methods: :Fiftytwo NSCLC specimens from patients who were pathologically diagnosed in our hospital during January 2008 to April 2009 were included in the present study. B7H4 expression and infiltration of CD3+T cells in NSCLC tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between B7H4 expression, CD3+T infiltration, and the clinical features of NSCLC was studied. :Results:: The positive rate of B7H4 in 52 NSCLC tissues was 48.08% (25/52), and B7H4 expression in normal lung tissues was negative or low (P<0.05). B7H4 expression was positively correlated with the clinical tumor stages and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with tumor infiltration of CD3+T cells (P<0.05), but had no relationship with clinicopathologic parameters of NSCLC (P>0.05). :Conclusion: :Negative costimulatroy molecule B7H4 may play important roles in the development of NSCLC. Positive expression of B7H4 is correlated with the clinical tumor stages and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC, which provides a foundation for diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC.